Mnemonics: Anaphylaxis

Author: V. Dimov, M.D., Allergist/Immunologist and Assistant Professor at University of Chicago
Reviewer: S. Randhawa, M.D., Allergist/Immunologist and Assistant Professor at NSU

Clinical features of anaphylaxis: S ECG

Skin, 90%

Expiratory wheezing and other respiratory symptoms, 70%
Cardiovascular, 40%
GI and oral, 24%

Common causes of anaphylaxis: FIDL

Foods
Insect stings - bee and wasp
Drugs
Latex rubber

Drugs causing anaphylaxis: AAA CAN

Antibiotics (especially penicillin)
Anesthetic drugs IV
ASA

Contrast media IV
Analgesic opioids
NSAIDs

Risk factors for anaphylaxis due to immunotherapy include: OH BEA

Observation - insufficient, following injection
High allergen dose

Beta-blockers
Errors in administration
Asthma, poorly controlled

Drugs for acute management of anaphylaxis: EASI

E
pinephrine IM
Antihistamines PO, IM
Steroids PO, IM, IV
Inhaled b2-agonists, if wheezing. IV fluids if hypotension.

Mnemonic for EpiPen dose

30 kg or more
0.3 mg dose of epinephrine (EpiPen)


Epinephrine Auto-Injectors

Dey Pharma is no longer shipping SINGLE EpiPen Auto-Injectors - only 2-PAKs will be available:

2
2-PAK EpiPen
20% of patients need
2nd dose in anaphylaxis

Epinephrine (adrenaline) is the first-line the treatment of anaphylaxis. Adult intramuscular dose is 0.3 to 0.5 ml of 1:1,000 concentration. This should be given in the lateral aspect of the thigh by intramuscular injection. The dose can be repeated every 5 to 15 minutes, depending upon the response, for 3-4 doses. The same is true for children except the dose is 0.01 mg per kg (AAAAI Ask the Expert, 2012).
References


Published: 01/24/2008
Updated: 05/26/2012

No comments: